Emerald ash borer is an invasive species native to North America. It is one of the most threatening tree infestations around the world known to mankind since its discovery in 2002. Handling and managing emerald ash borer infestation is not easy, as timing, along with other crucial factors, needs to be considered to save the ash tree. We will dig deep into discussing emerald ash borer infestation signs along with some management tips to help you get through the situation or prevent it. But if the infestation is severe, it’s better to have the tree removed with the help of tree cutting services to eliminate these borers from your yard.
Identification And Life Cycle Of Emerald Ash Borers
The emerald ash borer is a green metallic colored beetle that was mostly found in China. It later found its way to Southeast Michigan via wood transportation in shipping crates. Since then, this beetle has spread across North America, feeding on ash trees and wreaking havoc wherever it goes.
When compared to other invasive species, the EAB comes with a distinct lifecycle. While adults appear in late spring, the peak activity months tend to be June or July. They are identified by their short antennae and leave a D-shaped exit mark once they have fed on the tree.
From the outside, the damage may not look much, but the real problem is deep below and inside i.e., the bark. The female beetles lay eggs on the trees and upon hatching, the creamy-white larvae burrow inside. These larvae feed on the inner side of the tree, cutting the transportation of food and nutrients.
The EAB tends to be most active from May to September, which is also the best time for you to keep an eye out for signs of infestation. Early detection can significantly help you protect your ash trees before the damage is done.
Challenges With The Identification Of Emerald Ash Borers
As mentioned previously, the EAB during its initial stages tend to feed under the bark of ash trees. It can be quite difficult to detect the infestation. In most cases, the infestation is only detected when the beetles come out as adults, but by then, the tree is on the verge of decline and the damage has already been done.
Unlike other insects, the EAB works without anyone noticing and making a noise. This gives the appearance that everything is totally fine and normal from the outside, but there is a storm brewing underneath. The best way to detect an EAB infestation is by closely looking for signs near the bark.
If there are “S” shaped galleries beneath the bark, it means the larvae have been there. As the larvae continue to feed, it becomes difficult for trees to transport food and nutrients, resulting in thinning of leaves and dead branches.
Is It Emerald Ash Borer Or Banded Ash Borer?
Another major problem with EAB infestation is mistaken identity. Not all borers attacking ash trees are EAB. Some other native borers like lilac and banded ash borers tend to create similar damage. As a result, the experts opt for treatments that are not suitable and end up misdiagnosing the infestation.
In the long run, the trees eventually die as they do not receive the proper treatment, and that too on time. One way to differentiate between an EAB and other borer infestations is by examining the exit holes. While EAB infestation leaves D-shaped holes, native borers tend to create oval or round holes.
And, if you happen to live in an area where EAB infestation is common, you should consult professionals and hire services that help detect and treat the issues before they become serious.
Impact And Damage
Although the damage done by EAB infestation is not something to be taken lightly, you should also know that ash trees play a vital role in providing shade, stabilizing soil, and supporting wildlife. Since EAB infestation is without any visible signs and can make things worse within a few days’ time, the only way to protect your ash trees is by looking out for them and hiring arborist services Potomac for regular tree inspections.
EAB infestations can wipe out hundreds of trees in a single day. Regions that utilize ash wood for both residential and commercial purposes cannot take chances when it comes to such infestations. In addition to that, the economic damage is quite a bit as well.
Ash wood is used in and for furniture, tools, and shipping crates. Regular people and commercial businesses take huge dents when EAB strikes. Monitoring the signs is the only way to deal with this problem.
What Are Signs Of Emerald Ash Borer Infestation?
If you see some unusual signs, you should immediately contact a professional arborist. A certified expert can personally inspect the tree and confirm whether the infestation is or has taken place.
S-Shaped Galleries Under The Bark
A tell-tale sign of an EAB infestation is the appearance of “S” shaped galleries beneath the bark. This is because the larvae feed on the inner side or layers of the tree. To check for “S” shaped galleries, you will need to peel a piece of the tree’s bark to see the bark damage.
However, keep in mind that you need to be patient and careful while doing it to prevent further damage to the tree. If the signs are confirmed, you should immediately begin the treatment.
Crown Thinning
Furthermore, you should also be able to tell from the crown thinning. As the larvae feed on the cambium layer of the tree, the tree’s ability to transport food and water is severely affected. This results in crown thinning, which causes the upper branches to lose foliage.
Crown thinning is a serious sign that indicates the tree is struggling to survive. Similarly, the “D” shaped exit holes left behind by larvae are something you cannot go wrong with. If you come across this sign, it confirms the tree is infected.
Bark Splitting
Moreover, you will notice bark splitting. The splitting of the bark weakens the structural integrity of the trees and gives away an entry point for pests and other infections. This means if you see bark splitting, you will need to get a professional in to prevent further damage.
Management And Control
Controlling and managing the EAB infestation requires a combination of techniques and methods. There is no universal treatment that helps prevent or avoid the ash trees from being infected.
The first step is to identify the signs and trap the infestation to prevent it from spreading. Once the infestation has been trapped, the experts will prune the infested parts of the tree with precision and accuracy without damaging the tree itself. Spraying pesticide over the ash trees before the arrival of the crucial peak months.
But keep in mind that the pesticide should only be sprayed by an expert. Using an excessive amount or not being able to cover the trees properly will both cause significant damage.
Conclusion
The information mentioned above will surely help you detect and confirm the presence of infestation. But you should prevent it by getting the tree sprayed and closely observing the trees for signs. Have an expert to inspect the tree to determine whether the tree can be saved or should you consider tree removal services Bethesda to have it cut down.
